Abstract
Objective
To examine diet quality levels and changes in a diverse sample of youth from fifth
to 11th grade, and interactions by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.
Design
Transitions and Activity Changes in Kids prospective cohort study.
Setting
Elementary, middle, and high schools in South Carolina.
Participants
A sample of 260 fifth-graders (106 boys and 154 girls) with complete data at baseline
and at least 1 time point each in middle school and in high school.
Main Outcome Measure
Dietary intake assessed with the Block Food Screener for Kids (last week). Diet quality
was assessed using energy-adjusted intakes of 5 food groups.
Analysis
Descriptive statistics and growth curve models for the total group and by gender for
diet quality from fifth to 11th grade (P < 0.05).
Results
Both boys and girls had low levels of diet quality, which continued to decline through
11th grade. Significant main effects by race and poverty as well as a race by poverty
interaction were observed.
Conclusions and Implications
Programs and policies that support healthy dietary patterns in children transitioning
from elementary to middle and high school are needed. Specific efforts that focus
on nutrition disparities in children from low-income and minority backgrounds are
warranted.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 23, 2020
Accepted:
March 2,
2020
Footnotes
Conflict of Interest Disclosure: The authors have not stated any conflicts of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
